This unit is concerned with the study of surface and groundwater, and the study of the development of valleys scattered in the region, we will summarize the most important strategic studies that concern with this unit as follows:

1.     Preparation of the Euphrates water quality guide in cooperation with the riparian countries on the Euphrates Basin (Syrian Arab Republic and neighboring Turkey) in order to establish a fair distribution of water quantities that are balanced with water quality. The river is exposed to quality deterioration of its water due to the discharge of different pollutants, or the storage in the reservoirs of dams extending on its course and the resulting increase in its salt concentration, which reduces the productivity of the water volume unit, which requires the development of agreed criteria for the relationship between quantity and quality of the water reaching each of the riparian countries on the Euphrates basin.

2.     The Euphrates River extends more than four hundred kilometers from the city of Qaim, located on the Syrian border to the city of Fallujah, and is running on different slopes can be divided into two main slopes at the middle of its extension in the area in the city of Baghdadi, about 200 kilometers from Qaim, the first one from city of Qaim until Baghdadi , As the level of the river down to about 100 meters, from the level of 167 meters above sea level at the entry point of Iraq in Qaim, to the level of 70 meters southeast of Baghdad. The second slope, which stretches about 200 kilometers further south-east of the city of Hit and south-east of Fallujah, falls only about 20 meters.