political analysis

political analysis

Analysis in the language means unraveling and opening, (unsolved - unravel), the knot, meaning it opened (so it dissolved), i.e. in the sense of unraveling (everything that is compound), or total to its parts or the constituent elements or components of it, corresponding to the structure that means building all its parts, That is, linking and assembling the elements of a separate or small whole into a comprehensive unit.

The idiomatically is a scientific research applied social science using curriculum research multiple in order to provide background information related to the policy of what, and this would information lead to the special problem solving already political through the implications of choosing one solution or several solutions in the near or distant future.

Analysis in the philosophical sense means decoding and fragmenting the subject covered by the research into its elements or primary units, whether it is an idea in the mind, a logical issue, a sentence of language, or a fact of life, whatever the purpose that a person seeks from behind this analysis.

In the end, analysis is dividing a thing into its parts, from elements, qualities, or characteristics, and isolating them from each other, then studying them one by one to get to know the relationship that exists between them and others. It also means dividing the basic elements of the text, which enables an accurate understanding of each part, and provides the possibility to comprehend the text in a comprehensive way, and to understand its content.

And analysis as a method is not limited to philosophy alone, but we find it represented in more than one field of thought. (Babus) defines analysis by saying: "The analysis deals with agreed-upon facts that serve as the means leading to complex results that we accept."

The analysis has three main trends that can be summarized as follows:

The first trend: analyzing the concept or idea through its partial applications to know the underlying principle, as is clear in the dialectical method of Socrates, and in the attempts of Plato and Aristotle's ethics.

The second trend: the analysis of human knowledge, and its return to a group of simple and elementary elements, as well as the analysis of existence, as is the case with Descartes and Locke.

The third trend: analyzing the frameworks in which human knowledge (language) is described.

     As for the concept of political analysis, it is defined as an applied sociology that uses scientific methods of research and discussion in order to transfer information related to public policy that can be used in political fields to solve public political problems.

     It is an advanced intellectual skill consistent with political action, and it explains multiple phenomena, and wise governments depend on political analysis of events and crises in order to make their political decisions rationally, especially with regard to the internal affairs and foreign policy of the state. It corresponds to the size of the problem in question and depends primarily on the skill of the analyst and his abilities to conclude and predict the reality of events and their various paths.

    It is also a system of coordinated efforts concerned with research, study, scrutiny and analysis, into the nature of the problems and societal issues that are the focus of public policy, and examining their causes and motives, and then identifying appropriate alternatives to confront them and addressing the problems that lead to the realization of information and confronting them. Confronting issues, removing the negative repercussions completely, and establishing a natural balance or returning it to society in a clear way.

From the previous scientific analysis of the nature of political analysis, we conclude that it consists of two main parts, each of which answers a main question, and it is impossible to imagine a political analysis that does not answer them, namely:

The first part: is the accurate understanding of the course of events and phenomena, and it answers the first question, what happened?

By accurate understanding here, we mean the progress of the political event and not stopping at the limit of superficial knowledge, as the political event may have more than one meaning, and its appearance may be one thing, and its interior is something else, and so on.

The second part: is to understand the reasons behind this event, and it answers another question, why did it happen?

Here the analyst does not stop at just the apparent apparent motives only, but takes care of them at first, and then searches for other hidden reasons that non-specialists and those who know the origins of political analysis may not realize. Awareness is a stage that transcends the stage of science and knowledge, because the stage of awareness benefits the understanding and comprehensiveness of all possible and potential causes and motives, and not relying on some of them only.

In its analysis of events, political science strays away from exaggeration, simplification, and exaggeration in examples to confirm the opinion, and away from sentimentality in its judgments, with the aim of scientific objectivity in presenting ideas. Simplified and current political terms that have specific connotations are used in the mind of public opinion. Therefore, the political analyst uses, in his analysis of the political phenomenon, tools identified by researchers in the field of political science, from which we can determine the following:

1- The mental cognitive inventory.

2- Understand the data of the political map and the political reality.

3- Familiarity with modern and available sources of information (reports, bulletins, statistics, official statements, speeches of officials, proposals of thinkers, personalities of event makers, scene of events).

4- Questionnaires, personal interview, and selection of samples.

5- Media survey sources and field coverage of events.

6- Scientific methods and academic theories.

7- Direct field attendance and personal review.

8- Using modern means and scientific research tools.

1-  Sources of private information that a political analysis writer can obtain by virtue of his position, contacts, or research, as well as the extent of his expertise in the field in which he writes.

The political analysis has objectives that are summarized by (Thomas Day), with three objectives:

First Objective: (Political Objective):

   As political analysis emphasizes the best policies adopted by countries, by analyzing the available public policies, and choosing the best alternative among them.

The second goal: (scientific goal):

    As political analysis is through an in-depth understanding of society, studying its institutions and political structures, studying the mutual variables between the environment and the political system, and scientific answers to questions about political interactions and public policies. It creates and develops the scientific theoretical concept of the subject (formation of a database).

Third Objective: (Practical Objective):

   Political analysis provides political action with the possibility of employing its knowledge in solving scientific problems. The political analysis tends to conclude with recommendations and proposals, regarding appropriate policies to achieve the envisaged goals.

From the previous proposition, we see that political analysis has objective conditions that must be met in order to reach the desired goals of the analysis. We can mention the following:

1- Avoid exaggeration.

2- Giving examples to confirm the opinion.

3- Stay away from emotional and literary language or dry scientific language.

4- Avoid direct guidance, rhetoric, or persuasion.

5- Refrain from making accusations without research or accurate information.