Gallbladder and gallstones
Gallbladder and gallstones
The gallbladder is located in the lower part of the liver and forms one of the anatomical signs that separate the liver into a right and left lobe. The gallbladder wall consists of different tissues, including muscular and fibrous, and the gallbladder is lined by a mucous membrane. The gallbladder is fed by a blood vessel that originates 95% of the right hepatic artery.
The gallbladder connects to a small canal with the main liver channels, after which it forms the combined gallbladder canal. The gallbladder is secreted from the liver and transmitted through the hepatic ducts to the gallbladder to be concentrated and secreted in response to hormonal and neurological stimuli. Normally,
The gallbladder juice consists of water, various salts, gallbladder pigments, proteins and fats of all kinds, as well as gallbladder acids
The most important work done by the gallbladder are the following:
* Storage of gallbladder juicer
The concentration of the gallbladder juice by absorbing water and salts
Mucous juicer release
Gallbladder succulent release to the digestive system when needed
One of the most important diseases affecting the gallbladder is the formation of gallstones in this gallbladder, usually caused by the deposition of solids in the gallbladder juice
70% of these stones are formed in cholesterol, bilirubin, and calcium. Gravel may consist of pigment stones or calcium bilirubinate
Gallstone symptoms range from the absence of asyptomatic symptoms and stones are detected here by chance or symptoms caused by chronic cholecystitis as well as acute cholecystitis.
The symptoms of gallstones or cholecystitis caused by gallstones are severe pain in the upper abdomen that may be in the upper right.
The symptoms of gallstones may be symptoms caused by complications of stones, such as acute inflammation of the gallbladder that accompanies it. In addition to the above, very severe pain accompanied bhigh fever and trembling, and may even be symptoms of trauma caused by septicaemia.
Also, the migration of these stones to the gallbladder ducts may lead to inflammation of the collective gallbladder ducts, cholangitis, or even inflammation of the pancreatic gland. Here things take a difficult curve. This may lead to the presence of bile in the eye and body, the entry of intensive care, and the need for multiple interventions, such as endoscopy of the gallbladder ducts and their emergency opening to avoid blood poisoning, which may lead, God forbid, to death.
Diagnosing gallbladder diseases:
In addition to the biography, clinical examination, laboratory tests, especially liver function, sonar is the cornerstone in diagnosing gallbladder diseases and complications. With sonar, stones inside the gallbladder ducts can be diagnosed or dilated as indirect evidence of obstruction under the gallbladder duct, which requires opening it with a special ERCP
Treatment: (remedia)
In addition to treatment with antibiotics, intravenous fluids, and supportive medications, the best treatment for gallstones is a complete cholecystectomy. Thanks to God, this is currently done through laparoscopic surgery, which is an easy surgical procedure, especially if this procedure is done at an early stage and before acute inflammation occurs, recurrent infections, or waiting for
It's no secret that endoscopic surgery is the best option with all its advantages, such as having very small wounds, and the percentage of pain that is not comparable to the pain caused by large wounds associated with traditional surgery, and the complications that can occur in them, such as infections, naughty hernias, and others. Most of all, early return to work and
Dr. Omar Tariq Al-Hiti, Specialist in Laparoscopic Surgery
Surgery department , Faculty of Medicine, Anbar University