Prof.Dr Ali Darub Kassar

Dept. of. Agricultural Economics

 The concept of sustainable development has taken an important space since its appearance in the year 1987 and societies began to adopt this concept when fears of the negative effects of economic growth and globalization appeared. Natural resources at the present time and transgression on the rights of future generations to benefit from these resources of all kinds, both natural and human.

And sustainable development is in and of itself a process of developing the land, cities, communities, as well as businesses, provided that they meet the needs of the present, but without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. That is, it calls for action to eradicate poverty and hunger, provide better standards of education and health care, achieve gender equality, provide sustainable economic growth, enhance job opportunities, address climate change, pollution and other environmental factors that affect people's lives, and maintain the health of life on land, the air and the sea.

From this point of view, countries of all economic affiliations took a serious stance in providing economic levels that ensure affluent life for the present generations. Efforts aimed at building a truly sustainable lifestyle required integration between the measures taken in three main areas:

First: Economic growth and justice the existing global economic systems, with their interconnectedness, require an integrated approach to create responsible long-term growth, while ensuring that no country or society is left behind.

Second: Preserving natural and environmental resources for future generations, by finding economically viable solutions to reduce resource consumption, stop pollution, and conserve natural resources.

Third: Social development: All the peoples of the world need work, food, education, energy, health care, and water. In addressing these needs, the global community must also ensure that the rich fabric of cultural and social diversity is respected, that workers' rights are respected, and that all members of society are empowered to play their part in determining their own future.

   Countries differed in their procedures to achieve the sustainable development goals, but they focused on similar measures that may differ according to the conditions of the countries. The developed countries cannot combat poverty and hunger in their countries that are characterized by a high level of income for their members, but this appears clearly in the developing and poor countries, which of their measures provide Job opportunities for beneficiaries as well as achieving food security and good nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture. With regard to good health and well-being, attention should be given to mental health, promotion of breastfeeding, and taxation of tobacco products, energy drinks and soft drinks.

  With regard to quality education, early childhood should be targeted and blended education policies should be identified that focus on providing quality education from a young age. As far as clean energy and hygiene are concerned, raising awareness of reducing energy and water demand levels and adopting a water security strategy is one of the priorities for achieving sustainable development. The importance of providing incentives to encourage reliance on clean energy in all fields, especially the transportation sector.

From the foregoing, we should look at the matter from two perspectives: the needs of the present generations and the rights of future generations.

It does not mean that the resources of the society are directed to the present generations and forget that this present society has sons and grandchildren who have not yet been born, but who will be the nucleus of the society in the future.

In this regard, we can note that some countries have postponed the consumption of some of their resources and kept them for the future, including Norway, which maintains closed oil wells for future generations because it has at the present time enormous resources with which it can provide a comfortable life for its present generations. We recall from history wonderful stories that fall within the topic of our article, which is Egypt when a gold mine was discovered during the days of the monarchy, but it was not exploited at that time to keep it for the future.

And when the state’s goal is to develop its societies, this does not mean that it neglects the future, whether in terms of resources, energy and climate. It must consume what it has of resources in a rational manner, as well as strive to develop these resources and discover others so that future generations remember that those who preceded them were trustees of their resources, so that they, in turn, would be trustworthy. Also, the society remains beneficial to its members, present and future.